文章链接:【LIFE-A-0004】原文

作者:

    Florian Klein主要从事以HIV为主的病毒学研究。有些病毒在整个人类寿命中存在，但受到控制（例如，某些疱疹病毒，如巨细胞病毒感染）。在HIV-1感染中，免疫反应通常不足以完全抑制病毒复制，从而导致HIV疾病的持续发展。然而，部分患者在感染后早期（如精英控制者）或停止有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）后持续控制HIV-1病毒血症。这些所谓的治疗后控制者的例子在过去几年中得到了关注，并表明干预措施，如ART治疗，可能会导致HIV-1的长期控制和功能性治愈。
    该团队其他作品:【LIFE-A-0001】Somatic hypermutation introduces bystander mutations that prepare SARS-CoV-2 antibodies for emerging variants

本文综述:

• X-MOL学术期刊:未感染者和慢性感染者出现 HIV-1 bNAb 序列特征的可能性。HIV-1 广泛中和抗体 (bNAb) 能够抑制病毒血症并预防感染。因此，通过疫苗接种诱导它们是一个主要目标。然而，与中和其他病原体的抗体相比，HIV-1 特异性 bNAb 经常携带不常见的分子特征，可能会阻止其诱导。（https://www.x-mol.com/paper/1721995554634616832/t）

摘要原文及简述:

HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are able to suppress viremia and prevent infection. Their induction by vaccination is therefore a major goal. However, in contrast to antibodies that neutralize other pathogens, HIV-1- specific bNAbs frequently carry uncommon molecular characteristics that might prevent their induction. 
Here, we perform unbiased sequence analyses of B cell receptor repertoires from 57 uninfected and 46 chronically HIV-1- or HCV-infected individuals and learn probabilistic models to predict the likelihood of bNAb development. We formally show that lower probabilities for bNAbs are predictive of higher HIV-1 neutralization activity. Moreover, ranking bNAbs by their probabilities allows to identify highly potent antibodies with superior generation probabilities as preferential targets for vaccination approaches. Importantly, we find equal bNAb probabilities across infected and uninfected individuals. This implies that chronic infection is not a prerequisite for the generation of bNAbs, fostering the hope that HIV-1 vaccines can induce bNAb development in uninfected people.